Leadership Definitions Of Leadership As A Leader - 1224 Words

At some point in life, someone is required to become a leader; many organisations and specific situations require a leader (Northouse, 2014). No matter the profile of the individual, there are demands placed on the individual which require them to deal with many responsibilities and duties which can be both challenging and rewarding at the same time but this depends on how well the individual handles themselves in these situations. The important question is; â€Å"what is leadership?†. Many people question what this term means as it is a fundamental skill which is required in the workforce (Avery, 2004). Leadership definitions have been approached in various ways with many authors relating to the nature of leadership rather than distinctively†¦show more content†¦There are many definitions for leadership but as defined by Stogdill (1950), it is â€Å"an influencing process aimed at goal achievement† whereby a leader is the individual who is responsible for lead ing a team to set objectives laid out by an organisation (Bolden et al., 2003). It is of course how a leader approaches leading a team that can have a considerable influence of the success of an organisation. As a result of the various definitions of leadership which have evolved over the years, many approaches to leadership have progressed changing the focus and direction of leadership (Rost, 1991). Early theories such as the trait and behavioural approaches focus on identifying the qualities and characteristics presented by great leaders and what those great leaders did and how they acted in particular situations; which characterised them as a â€Å"successful† leader (Northouse, 2014; Zaccaro, 2007; Yukl, 2010). The trait theory identifies that if the leader is endowed with superior qualities that differentiate themselves from their followers, then it should be possible to identify these qualities from a leader (Bass and Stogdill, 1990). The trait theory explains leaderships in terms of personality and character of an individual. Bass and Stogdill (1990) posed two questions; â€Å"What traits distinguish leaders from their followers? What is theShow MoreRelated Characteristics of Business Leadership: The Definition of a Leader2558 Words   |  11 Pagesfarmers in impoverished nations, whales, voting rights, anti-sexism and anti-ageism, to name a few — Mrs. Roddick believed that businesses could be run ethically, with what she called â€Å"moral leadership,† and still turn a profit (The New York Times, 2007). Introduction In current business environments, leaders play a crucial role in operating the organization in remarkable manners such as their styles, approaches, philosophies; actions, etc., which all are quite effective to manage a company atRead MoreA Comprehensive Leadership Approach On Leadership1421 Words   |  6 PagesComprehensive Leadership Approach Thoughts on Leadership Just the thought of leadership excites me. This is because I became very interested in the topic of leadership, immediately after I joined the United States Army in 2003. As a civilian, without any job experience, I had never been formally exposed to leadership, although, in retrospect, I was surrounded by family and community leaders. There are numerous sources that depict leadership. In this writing, I describe my thoughts on leadership in termsRead MoreDifferences Between Leadership And Management1389 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferences between Leadership and Management in general, and in law enforcement in particular. How do the primary concerns of these responsibilities differ? Are abilities in both areas necessary for effective police supervisors? If so, why? Leadership and Management can be mutually exclusive concepts. A person can be a leader in management, but a manager does not necessarily have to be a leader. What makes this concept true can be found in the definitions of both leadership and management. AlthoughRead MoreDifferent Definitions Of Leadership, My Leadership Style, How I Think And Today s Time865 Words   |  4 PagesWithout Leadership Everyone Would Be Lost and Disorganized If a person was to ponder about where leadership is found they would eventually conclude it is everywhere. Leadership could be argued that when God made the earth and all of its creatures that he gave us the capability to lead. We see this from Adam and Eve, Noah, Sampson, Abraham, David, Sara, Mary, Jesus and all of his disciples. Anyone can be an effective leader if they are educated on how to be one. Leaders are found everywhere inRead MoreServant Leadership By Robert Greenleaf And Dirk Van Dierendonck Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction It’s safe to say nearly everyone has a different definition of servant leadership. Some focus on specific characteristics required of leaders, others are more interested in the interactions with others. Nevertheless, there is more recently a large emphasis on servant leadership in ministry. Servant leadership is an incredibly integral part of being a healthy leader in ministry. Servant leadership requires you to be attentive, be a model of specific characteristics outlined by RobertRead MoreLeadership Is Not An Easy Concept Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is a concept everyone is aware of, but only a few master it and its implications. In this guide, we will examine what leadership truly stands for and what is means in the modern world. We’ll explore the traits and characteristics of leadership, as well as the skills needed in order to lead. We’ll also explain the different leadership theories and the styles which current and future leaders can take a dvantage of. 1 Definition of leadership Defining leadership might seem straightforward;Read MoreWhat is Leadership? Essay1393 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is a difficult word to define and according to the Miriam-Webster Dictionary leadership is the â€Å"office or position of a leader† (Miriam-Webster, 2010). This definition is definitely not one that I would ascribe to when discussing leadership. My definition of leadership is â€Å"the ability someone has to motivate and empower others to achieve a goal.† Some may add to this definition, others may discard it altogether and have a completely different definition. In the end, leadership takesRead MoreLeadership And Management And Leadership1569 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is about seeking constructive change and management is about establishing order (Northouse, 2015). Warren Bennis (1997) wrote in  Learning to Lead: A Workbook on Becoming a Leader  that â€Å"There is a profound difference between management and leadership, and both are important. To manage means to bring about, to accomplish, to have charge of or responsibility for, to conduct. Leading is influencing, guiding in a direction, course, action, opinion. The distinction is crucial.† (Leiding,Read MoreLeadership Theories And Leadership Styles1512 Words   |  7 Pagesand provide examples surrounding various leadership theories and leadership styles that sustain the definition of a public leader. First, this paper will provide a definition of a public leader. Next, it determine two leadership theories and two leadership styles that support the definition of a public leader. Also, this paper will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership theories. Subsequently, it will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership styles. Further, this paper will utilizeRead MoreAn Open Letter For Congress : A Address The Issue Of Systematic Oppression And Race Relations Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagesoppression of a people once again calls with the urgency of now for dynamic leadership. PROPOSAL TO THE EXECUTIVE BOARD OF TRUTH TO POWER INITIATIVE Presented December 13, 2016. This proposal will seek to take an in depth look at the practices and effectiveness of our organization by revisiting the organizations definition of leadership by looking extensively at our goals, and future projections for leadership practice. Mission statement Truth To Power: exists as a religious institution

Coral polyps Essay Example For Students

Coral polyps Essay Coral is made by millions of tiny carnivorous creatures that are called polyps. Polyps live in groups called colonies. Each polyp builds a case of limestone around itself, using calcium found floating in the marine water. This is like a house for the polyps, with a floor and walls. After one polyp dies another will soon take its place and begin the construction on his house on top of the past home. Once these formations to limestone increase they tort what we call a coral reef. In shallow water a kind of algae will embed itself and live in the tissues of the polyps. The algae use the sunlight and waste products of the polyp to make the necessities like oxygen and food for the polyps. This kind of algae is called a Contextually. Contextually need sunshine to survive, so due to this they do not live in deep water where sunshine does not filter through Coral reef contains zones that represent different kinds of habitats. Usually there are three zones are present, the fore reef, reef crest, and the back reef. All three zones are interconnected physically and ecologically. The three zones seawater, sediments, nutrients, and marine life among one another _ They are each components Of the oral reef ecosystem that play a role in supporting the reefs complex community Of fish and Other aquatic life. Over four thousand species Of fish inhabit coral reefs over the world. Fish feed either on small animals living near the coral, seaweed, algae, or on the coral itself. This is all a part of the very diverse food chain present in this marine ecosystem. First there are the producers, the phytoplankton on the oceans surface. Then there are the primary consumers, the coral, sea turtle, and fish. Following this there are the secondary consumers, the, anemones, starfish, barracuda, jellyfish, sea snakes and sea slugs. There is also the top predator, sharks. There are also other classifications of coral reef life, the scavengers, fish. Then there are the last but not least the decomposer or detersives, microorganisms, This marine ecosystem can be easily disrupted by the mistakes to humans. There have been over 87 oil spill in the past two years. 4 percent of marine life was killed just from oil, One of the most tragic oil spills to have affected a coral reef was the Great barrier Reef oil spill. The Great Barrier Reef oil spill happened on April 3, 2010. The man-made crisis was caused when a Chinese oil carrier, owned by Sheen Energy Transport Company, hit the OTTOMH of the ocean floor east of Rock Hampton in Queensland, Australia. The vessel spilled roughly four tones of oil into the ocean. The boat avgas more than ten kilometers Off of its shipping lane, meant to prevent such accident causing catastrophes. It hit the bottom of the reef in the afternoon of April third, scraping the reef for a long distance. This scrape is now the longest known grounding scar to date on the Great Barrier Reef. The grounding scar on the Great Barrier Reef is roughly three kilometers long and two-hundred and fifty meters (a Quarter Of a kilometer) wide. Many boats were sent to try and help remove the vessel. With a mooing storm, it was feared that the boat would break apart causing further damage. Eventually they managed to reflect the boat and take it to Harvey Bay, Australia. After many long hours of unloading they had removed about a third of its cargo. Following clean-up, the Sheen Eng was towed to Singapore, The ships captain and its first officer were both charged and lost their jobs as a result of the accident. The maximum fine for shipping companies that cause damage on any reef was increased after this incident. Ay April 13, 2010, oil was washing up on the beaches of North West Island Australia, destroying a large bird and sea turtle jesting area. Many are concerned that there may be considerable long term damage to the Great Barrier Reef, Currently, the damaged areas have become completely void of all marine elite. .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .postImageUrl , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:hover , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:visited , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:active { border:0!important; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:active , .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf531846196bcd5b725761d7d43b4e7ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Movie Analysis - Big Fish EssayIt is estimated that it could take approximately ten to twenty years before the Great Barrier Reef returns to its original state as it was before the incident. Coral reefs are even more affected by pollution. Did you know that over that they found a giant patch of garbage the size of Texas swirling around in the north pacific? Nothing has ever been outfitted on a ship to skim plastic. But lets Say it did, and lets also say it could hold 500 million pounds Of lactic. Youd need 630 of them to do the job. That is roughly about 17 percent of the planets current fleet Of Oil tankers. This was just one assurance Of an Oil spill, Just imagine this happening eighty seven time throughout the world. That is a catastrophic amount Of casualties to the marine population. NOW you know everything about the amazing coral reefs. How they form and what they are made of, the layout of this diverse ecosystem. You even know about the food chain, you know what we as humans have done to hurt this beautiful masterpiece. All oftenest things are a part of the amazing and incomprehensible world of the coral reefs.

Thanksgiving free essay sample

It was a thanksgiving long weekend and my cousin’s family had come over for some turkey. I was hugging and greeting them with a humongous smile on my face as though I hadn’t seen them in ages. Although we live close by, we never got to see each other, due to lack of time. My cousin, Sally, came and said hello, â€Å"Lucia! We finally meet again!† This was her way of salutation. She jumped up and down with her brother cheerfully. Once she had told me that coming and visiting me was the best thing in the world, and, interestingly enough, I didn’t have any other choice but to hide how I felt the opposite. Inspiration is sometimes derived from surprising sources. I didn’t actually hate her, I just couldn’t stand her. She was always a sign of perfection though it was not always in educational ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Thanksgiving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her hair was always perfectly tied back into a pony tail with pretty ribbons that her mother, my aunt makes. She was short for a thirteen year old, however she did not have any complex about it; I think it was her general optimism. While Sally and her brother were watching a movie downstairs, I helped out in the kitchen with dinner. I have to admit, making dinner for thanksgiving is not easy or simple. My job was to set the table and bring the dishes over, when the dinner was ready. I called my cousins down stairs instead of actually going down and bringing them up. My mother already warned me about it, but I could not help my indolence. Sally and her brother came up and we were all seated at the table. As we were eating, Sally spoke, â€Å"It’s so nice to get together once in a while and eat with everybody like this, it makes me so content!† I knew that she used a variety of words, but don’t children usually say ‘happy’ instead of ‘content’? Sometimes I wonder if she actually thinks of what she is going to say, and repeats it several times in her head before saying them out loud. It was nearly eight o’clock and I was in the kitchen once again, however, this time, I was putting the dishes in the dish washer. Then, my mother told me that I could go downstairs and keep my cousin company. I nodded at her and went down the stairs two at a time. At the bottom, there she was, staring at the door to our recreation room. I asked her what she was doing and after a moment of brief pause, she asked pointing at the door, â€Å"Does this mean anything specific to you?† To tell the truth, I had no idea what she was talking about so I just answered her without actually giving at least a bit of a thought to it. â€Å"It’s an object that allows me to enter a room of any kind?† There was a slight tone of sarcasm mixed in my voice, which I think she ignored. This time, Sally opened and then closed the door. She asked me if I ever thought about how my whole life could change because of a single door that does not appear to be too important to anybody . She also said that when we come to think about it, ‘door’ could mean something very profound. â€Å"You know,† she continued, â€Å"It could mean something.† Now she had all my attention as she added. â€Å"Maybe it’s a door to your future, or for some people, it could be a door to their freedom.† At first, I thought she was joking because, I mean, what she was really trying to say was it was like a door to a fantasy land, was it not? But when I looked her in the eyes, I quickly wiped off the silly smile on my face because I realized that she was being sincere. The next thing I knew, I was looking at her as if I could not believe the words that were coming out of her mouth; I knew that she was clever, diligent and reflective, but I did not know that she gave a lot of thought to simple objects around her. Things that people do not usually pay any attention to, such as a door. I asked her if there was anything that she was waiting for or expe cting from the door, and if she were how she could know what’s coming or what’s really behind it. I tried to make myself sound logical, but I don’t think I did a very good job of it. And her next few words left me standing speechless with my feet glued to the floor. â€Å"That’s the thing Lucia, you DON’T know what’s behind the door. All you do, all you can do, is to wait till you open it and see it for your-self.† Her fixed smile on her sweet little face made me think of just one thing: how can a thirteen year old girl think of such a thing? I just hope that she sticks to her opinions, just like how she has been, as always. My young cousin, whom I’ve never thought of admiring, not even a single day in my life, made me realize deeper significance of an object we see every day. Because of her precocious thought towards a door, I now view the world in a completely different way. Thanksgiving free essay sample The old van drove down the dirt road, kicking a steady stream of dust into the humid air. Inside, the atmosphere was stifling, the windows did not open wide enough, and the air conditioning was still broken. A bead of sweat traced a line down my face as I gazed outside, taking in the strange world of palm trees and new smells outside. I thought about home, where late November means cold, and usually snow. After what seemed like an eternity, the van entered the town, passing donkeys, chickens, little stores, and battered houses. The van stopped at a fork in the road, and we were greeted by a large group of people holding signs of welcome. Bienvenidos a Nahualapa, El Salvador. To the other villagers, the sight might have looked comical, a procession of smiling children, friendly elders, and everyone in between leading the group of gringos down the road, and up the hill to the church. We will write a custom essay sample on Thanksgiving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The church, our church’s sister parish, was nothing more than a dirt floor and a tin roof held up by fallen branches of trees tied together under a tree in the clearing. A little barefoot girl took my hand and pointed proudly at the church, yammering away in her native tongue, not aware that, despite my experience of four years of Spanish in school, I had no idea what she was saying. I waited patiently until she finished, then smiled and nodded. She smiled back, apparently receiving the response she wanted. Over the course of the next few days, we slowly became part of the community. I met Wilson, a boy who had to quit school to sell oranges by the highway to support his family; Liliana, a girl who was living with her aunt because her parents had been killed; and Pedro, a leader of the community, who inspired the best in those around him. Everybody had a story to tell, and although I could not always understand, I was glad to listen. Between helping organize a community garden to make healthy foods more readily available, playing games with the children, discussing micro-loans to start a community chicken business, and generally helping out where we could, there was never a shortage of ways to help. One of the best things we did was arrange scholarships through members of our church to sponsor the education of the children, giving parents the hope of a brighter future for their children. These families must pay for all their own school supplies, shoes and uniforms, as well as transport ation to and from school. Education in rural El Salvador is free in name only. When the time came to leave, I felt like I was leaving an adoptive family, and, despite our differences and the language barrier, I had a place in the community. I had some amazing experiences, from learning how to communicate using hand gestures and only the most basic Spanish vocabulary, to eating a chicken heart (it was surprisingly good). I wouldn’t say that it â€Å"changed my life†, but it was an eye-opening experience. I learned a lot, not only about the world that exists outside of mine, but also about myself, my ability to create a positive change in somebody’s life, and make a difference. The spirit of the Nahualapan people was truly inspiring. This culture’s perspectives differ so much from our own. They have so little in comparison to me, and yet they seem infinitely more content and thankful for what they do have. They treasure their possessions, instead of thinking about what they don’t have and wanting more. The Nahualapans are proud; they don’t want the relationship between us to be one-sided. Instead, they want our respect and partnership, with each side giving and receiving something to and from the other. They have so much more to offer than I could have imagined. What the Nahualapan people gave to me was an intangible shift in my attitude and a newfound feeling of gratitude. I have never felt as grateful for what I have, and the opportunities I possess, as I did on that Thanksgiving one year ago.

5 Mistakes to Avoid at the Admission Interview

5 Mistakes to Avoid at the Admission Interview A crucial part of the private school application process, the admission interview can be a nerve-wracking experience for many applicants and their families. You want to make the best impression you can in order to find the perfect school for your child. But how do you do that properly in an admission interview? Check out these five tips of things you should not do during your admission interview.  Ã‚   Dont Be Late Many private schools schedule back-to-back admissions interviews at busy times of the year, so throwing off their schedule might not be an option. If you are going to be late, call the office and advise them as soon as you realize it. You can always offer to reschedule the interview, which shows that you value their time and understand that you have made a mistake. If the office allows you to arrive late, apologize when you do arrive. Avoid Ranking Schools The admissions staff knows that you are looking at several schools. No matter where their school may be on your list, be cordial and noncommittal. You are trying to determine if this is the right school for your child. Admissions committee members are doing the same. Dont tell each school that it is your first choice just to make it seem like youre more invested than you might be; and skip telling your backup school that it is not your first choice. Its OK to say that youre looking at and comparing a few schools. If you know that a school is truly your first choice and can articulate why, let the admissions committee members know, but be genuine in your comments. Dont Be a Difficult Parent Educating your child involves a three-sided partnership: the school, parent, and child. Ask direct questions about the school, but dont be abrasive. (It helps if you have done some research on the school beforehand.) Parents are part of the admission process, and it is not unheard of for a qualified student to be denied admission because of the way her parents acted during the interview It also never hurts to let the school know that you are willing to help when asked; many schools rely on volunteers, and involved parents are highly desirable. Do Not Try to Impress Schools champion diversity and finding the right fit over stacking their parental ranks with wealth and power. Private schools generally admit students based on qualifications first and foremost. These institutions also seek students who ordinarily could not afford a private school education, and they often offer scholarships and financial aid. Your ability to participate in the schools fundraising efforts may be a bonus, but that alone wont help your child gain admission. Your child needs to be the right fit for the school, and vice versa, so offering a large donation likely wont help. Do Not Be Overly Familiar The interview may have gone very well. It may be obvious that admissions committee members like you and your child. But dont get carried away. Be gracious, not effusive, in your comments. It would be inappropriate to suggest that the admissions staffer have lunch sometime or give her a hug. A smile and a polite handshake are all that is necessary at the conclusion of the interview. Article  edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Examples and Definition of Discourse Domain in Speech

Examples and Definition of Discourse Domain in Speech In sociolinguistics, the term discourse domain refers to features or conventions of language use determined by the context in which communication takes place. A discourse domain typically includes a variety of registers. Also known as  cognitive discourse domain, discourse world, and knowledge map. A discourse domain can be understood as a  social construct as well as a cognitive construct. A discourse domain is made up of individuals who exhibit their own distinctive knowledge structures, cognitive styles, and biases. However, within the boundaries of a domain, there is continual interaction between domain structures and individual knowledge, an interaction between the individual and the social level (Hjà ¸rland and Albrechtsen, Toward a New Horizon in Information Science, 1995). See Examples and Observations below. Also, see: Cognitive LinguisticsConversation AnalysisDiscourseLinguistic VariationPragmaticsSpeech Community Examples and Observations Along the lines of what Wittgenstein called (2009) language games and Levinson (1979) labelled activity types,  discourse domains are  frameworks for conduct that organize participants verbal and non-verbal comportment around  recognized modes of activity grounded in shared norms, purposes and goals. Relevant activities include playing tennis, having an academic debate, or going on a walk with a dog- in short, activities that involve interacting with one or more human or non-human others in a particular setting and for specific kinds of reasons. -(Daniel Herman, Building More-Than-Human Worlds.  World Building: Discourse in the Mind, ed. by Joanna Gavins and Ernestine Lahey. Bloomsbury, 2016) These are some domain contextual examples (Based on Hymes, 1974; Gumperz, 1976; Douglas Selinker, 1985a): physical: setting, participants;phonological: voice tone, pitch, tempo, rhythm, volume;semantic: code, topic;rhetorical: register, style, genre;pragmatic: purpose, interactional salience;paralinguistic: posture, gesture, gaze, facial expression. The above list is not intended to be exhaustive and there are no doubt other types of contextualization cues, but it does give the reader a sense of the types of information available to language learners/users in communication situations. -Dan Douglas, Discourse Domains: The Cognitive Context of Speaking. Studying Speaking to Inform Second Language Learning, ed. by Diana Boxer and Andrew D. Cohen. Multilingual Matters, 2004 Contexts and Discourse Domains [A] discourse domain is a cognitive construct created in response to a number of factors, including semantic category, but also to other features of situational and linguistic context. For example, when we enter a room where a conversation is going on, we of course pay attention to the topic of the talk, but we also take note of a number of other features of the situation, including the physical setting, who the participants are, what the purpose of their conversation appears to be, whether the conversation seems to be businesslike, friendly, or angry, what features of language the participants are using, and what relationship they appear to have with each other. Depending upon our analysis of the situation in terms such as these, we might feel that this is a situation we are familiar with and would feel comfortable joining; in other words, as Douglas and Selinker would say, we possess a discourse domain for dealing with this communication situation... [D]iscourse domains are developed or engaged in response to signals in the situational and linguistic environment which interlocutors attend to in interpreting (indeed, creating) context. -Dan Douglas, Discourse Domains: The Cognitive Context of Speaking. Studying Speaking to Inform Second Language Learning, ed. by Diana Boxer and Andrew D. Cohen. Multilingual Matters, 2004 The Discourse Domain of Higher Education All persons involved in formal education at some point find themselves participating in various sorts of encounters, including less formal interactions in small groups- in laboratories, study groups, or colloquia. It is important to know how to display oneself as intellectually competent, and this is done more often than not through face-to-face interactions...How to utilize powerful speech behaviors without presenting oneself as arrogant involves a careful dance of negotiation. Joking, teasing, challenging, asking questions and commenting, getting and holding the floor- these are all important phenomena of face-to-face discourse in higher education... The discourse domain of education is one that everyone experiences. As an increasing number of citizens seek a higher education, it becomes ever more critical to understand how to negotiate relationships in this domain of interaction. The stakes are high. -Diana Boxer, Applying Sociolinguistics: Domains and Face-to-Face Interaction. John Benjamins, 2002 Story-Telling as a Discourse Domain There are clear reports that have shown that storytelling as a particular discourse domain is an activity that follows a well-delineated line of development within the mainstream culture. From very early on mother and child engage in an interaction format that resembles a book reading activity in the sense that both participants engage in a labeling game of more or less decontextualized units (cf. Ninio Bruner 1978; Ninio 1980). The capacity to label is not only a necessary prerequisite for the joint storytelling activity, it is also an activity that is propagated and embellished with short picture book-like stories that develop into more complicated narrations in the course of the pre-school years. -Michael G. W. Bamberg, The Acquisition of Narratives: Learning to Use Language. Mouton de Gruyter, 1987

Contract for difference(CFDs) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words

Contract for difference(CFDs) - Essay Example Following this the next chapter will deal with the pricing of the CFDs. Also the trading of the CFDs will be discussed in detail within this chapter. This will provide for a better understanding of the working of the CFDs and will also detail the risks that face the investors who invest in the CFDs. The chapter will also provide for details of how the CFDs can be hedged. This chapter will form the body of the research and will discuss the details like the trading methods that can be used for these financial instruments. Also the pros and contras, and sample computation of CFD will be discussed in detail within this research. Also sample pricing will be discussed within the research, which will help provide a better understanding of how the pricing is done in the real time. The last chapter of the literature review will involve a comparison of the contract of differences with futures, options and spread betting. This will help gain an insight of how the contracts for difference are different from the more commonly used derivatives. This will also help understand in brief the futures, options, spread betting and will provide for an understanding of how they work. Since the objectives of this research are very basic and are mainly to understand the global financial instrument – CFD better, hence secondary research will be used in this research. This will involve a through research of the contract for differences. The research will mainly be carried out mainly using books, research papers, etc. This research is very different from the primary method. This is also referred to as the Tertiary research. The research involves using information that has already been presented by other authors, in previous researches. The main sources of the data are from books, journals, newspapers, online sources, etc. In short the secondary research refers to information published by others and which is already available1. It is also data collected by other people

Mergers and Acquisitions Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9500 words - 1

Mergers and Acquisitions - Dissertation Example I am grateful for the many people who aided me in the completion of this project, without whom I would have had great difficulty completing my research on mergers and acquisitions. ABSTRACT With the advent of companies like Microsoft, Google, and Yahoo! merging, all kinds of discussions have ensued. What constitutes a merger What constitutes an acquisition And, admittedly, what is the difference The ensuing discussion raises questions as to the validity of mergers and acquisitions in a day and age when companies are struggling to meet their overhead costs. Many times, mergers and acquisitions are the solution-not the problem-to the dilemma which ails many organizations: "How do we stay in business" A comprehensive view of mergers and acquisitions is taken into account, as the pros and cons of equity financing, and the desirability of mergers and acquisitions ("M&A's") are evaluated. As an example, hundreds of M&A's on the London Stock Exchange are reviewed for a period of the past 10 years. Conclusions are summarily drawn from the data provided. I. Introduction A. Statement of the Problem What follows, regarding mergers and acquisitions, is all too common. Barmash (2003) stated, "The company didn't have a new president so it bought a company that didThey couldn't compete with the company, so they bought itThe company really didn't want to sell; it just wanted to see what kind of price it could draw" Unfortunately, for some companies, this is what happens. For whatever reason, companies sell out and new companies come to take their place. It is increasingly the way of the world. This is now the way business works. It is common for several industries to consolidate due to... Mergers and acquisitions can be the bright spot on lawyers and others’ resumes, based on how important the nature of the prospective deal is. And, M&A’s (as they are wont to be called) are highly valued in society and can change a company’s outlook on the future. Anon (2009) comments, â€Å"Not surprisingly, these actions often make the news. Deals can be worth hundreds of millions, or even billions, of dollars. They can dictate the fortunes of the companies involved for years to come. For a CEO, leading an M&A can represent the highlight of a whole career.† Many people in the information security and technology sectors are looking to the relative absence or presence of mergers as a way of gauging how successful their own company is. This is a key factor to remember when evaluating a company. As Tenopir et. al. (2007) denote, â€Å"There are a lot of worries from database providers but they are working on ways to integrate social networks, provide increased depth within their specialties, and make their products stand out in order to succeed on the information farms of the future.† Mergers and acquisitions are common. A majority of the populace should be concerned with M&A’s because they significantly affect the quality of life of millions. Anon (2009) denotes, â€Å"†¦it is no wonder we hear about so many of these transactions; they happen all the time. Next time you flip open the newspaper’s business section, odds are good that at least one headline will announce some kind of M&A transaction.†